Wall furnace



Sept. 27,1927. I H T DYKES i ,7 5

WALL FURNACE Filed Dec. 14. 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 1 1 N VENTOR.

A TTORNEYJ.

Sept. 27,1927, v 1,643,705

- H. T. DYKES WALL FURNACE Filed Dec. 14. 1926 3 Sheets-SheetZ k 1 I INENTOR.

ATTORNEYS Sept. 27, 1927. 1,643,705

. H. T. DYKEs v WALL FURNACE Filed Dec 14. 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 5ATTORNEYS V Patented Sept. 27, 1927.

v UNITED STA TJEs: PATENT OFFICE;

HUGH '1. DYKES, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA.

WALL FURNACE,

Application filed December 14, 1826. Serial NQ.154,,669.

My invention relates to the class of heaters adapted to be seated in awall, and

for which reason theyare commonly termed and to secure efficient heatinterchange, the paths of the. air and the combustion products lie onopposite sides of heat conducting walls which are so con-. structed andrelatively arranged as to pro-. vide the maximum extent of surface, andto direct said fluids freely and without impediment or congestion theoneinto the room as highly heated fresh air, and the other to theexterior as spent gases. which have given up their useful heat,

The nature of my wall furnace and the manner of its operation willnow befully explained and ascertained in and by the following descriptiontaken inv connection with the accompanying drawings, in which itspreferred forms are illustrated, though is to be understood that changesin structure, form and arrangement may be made, within the scope of myinvention, without departing from its spirit; as defined in the claimshereunto appended.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional side elevation of mywall furnacein a form contemplating its installation in a recess in arelatively thick wall, and showing one form of the respective fluidpaths in the initial heating drum.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional side elevation of the furnace adapted forseating in an aperture of a wall. of ordinary thickness. and showinganother course of the paths of the fluids in the initial heating drum.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4-4.1- of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is avertical section on the line 5.5 of Fig. 6, showing the two heatingdrums and their connectiverelation as in Figs, 1 and 2. Fig. 6 is a.topplan of same. F ig. 7 isa vertical section onthe line 77 of Fig. 8,showing the: two heating drums and their connective relation as in Figs.3 and 4. Fig. 8 is a top. plan of" same. Referring to igs. 1- and2, thenumeral 1 indicates a sectional fragment .of a relatively thick wall ofa building, the right side to be takenas the exterior or outerlair, andthe left side as the interior of aroom.

In the Wall 1 .is. made a recess into, which is fitted with suitableprotective aJKlHTLOhconducting packing, not shown, but usual in suchcases, a metallic shell comprising a front wall 2, a rear wall 3', arearwardly inclined top wallt, preferably curved, and a partition 5depending from'the top wall andterminating short ofthe bottom of theshell. This partitiondivides the shell into two compartments, one frontand the other rear.

In the upper portion of thefront wall 2 of the shellis made the grating6 for'the delivery of the heated air to the. room.

Within the front compartment of the shell is thegfire box orcombustionchamber 7, in which the source of heat is located;

Any suitable fuel maybe used and a burner of any typeappropriate forsuch fuel. I prefera liquid form of fueh such for example, as kerosene,and I have indicated by the dottedlines at 8 what maybe considered as aburner. i r i Surmounting the fire box is the initial or frontheat-interchanging drum 9. There may be aplurality. of these, but I havehere shown only one, In its best andv preferred form; it is a doublewalled shell, the walls being spaced and star-shaped in- .cross sectionin order to provide as. extensive a heating surf-ace as. possible. Theburner delivers the, products of combustion in the. form shown in Figs.1; and 5,to the bottom of. the

central space of the drum 9, but the space between the walls. the spaceexterior to said drum arenot exposed to said, combustion productsbecause of the closures, bottom and top as seenin -Fig S. Both saidinterwall and exterior space are, however, exposed at the top to theroom -grating 6, and at thebottonr they communicateunder the partition 5withthe rear compartment of the casing, the inter-Wall space having suchmunicationthmugh. e. r m re Pip 10 leading through the outer shellof theum 9 e F a.

is a piPef r mi$lhing a rt i e burner, n upp rt. l i st 1 -v 12 s herear heat-interchanging drum. It occupies the rear compartment of thecasing and 1ts best and preferred form 1s similar to that of the frontdrum, namely a double shell with spaced walls and star-sha 38d in crosssection. 13 is a pipe which leads from the top of the central space ofthe front drum 9 to the top of the inter-wall space of the rear drum 12so that the products of combustion pass from the center of the initialdrum to the space between the walls of the second drum as seen in Figs.and 6.

1 1 is a pipe leading from the lower portion of the inter wall space ofthe second drum outwardly through the building wall to the exterior andcontinuing as the stack 14 of the furnace.

Inthe wall 1 of the building is a fine 15, which leads from the outerair above the furnace towards but stops short of the inner side of saidwall. The flue continues from its inner end, backwardly over the topwall of the casing as at 15 and down back of its rear wall as at 10 Thisflue section 15 communicates through a pipe 16 with the bottom of thecenter space of the rear drum 12 and said space at its top opens freelyinto the upper port-ion of the rear compartment of the fur nace casing,see Figs. 1, 5 and 6.

There is an inclined baflie 17 between the top wall 4 of the casing andthe upper portion of the depending partition 5. The sev eral arrows inFig. 1 show the paths of the counter-flowing fluids, The products ofcombustion pass up through the center of the front or initial drum 9;over through the pipe 13 to the top of the inter-wall space of the reardrum 12; down in said space to the pipe 14 and out through the stack 14.

The fresh air from the outer atmosphere passes in through the fine 15and back again and down in the flue sections 15 and 15 to the pipe 16;through said pipe to the bottom of the central space of the rear drum 12and up through said space to and into the upper portion of the rearfurnace compartment, where meeting the inclined baffle 17 and thedownwardly curved top wall of the casing, said air is directeddownwardly in said compartment all around the exterior of the rear drum.At the base of said compartment the air, passing under the partition 5,a portion rises in the front compartment all around the front drum 9 andanother portion entering the pipe or pipes 10, passes up in theinter-wall space of said front drum, and both portions, uniting above,are delivered through the grating 6 into the room.

It will be seen that these paths of the two fluids in the arrangement ofFigs. 1, 5 and 6 are reversed in the two drums 9 and 12 in respect toposition. In the rear drum 12 where the air is the colder and theproducts of combustion have already yielded up much of their heat, thelatter are carried through a space which lies between two air bodies,namely that portion which rises in the center of the drum and that whichdescends around said drum, and said combustion products are thus exposedon all sides to heat interchange and are induced to yield up practicallyall that remains.

In the front or initial drum, where the combustion products are thehottest, the positions are reversed, the heating gases passing upthrough the middle, while the preheated air is extensively distributedaround it, both in the inter-wall space and around the drum, and thusreceives sufficient final heat, without abstracting too much from thecombustion products to lower their efficiency in their preheatingfunction in the rear drum.

It is not essential, however, to all forms of my furnace that thisreversal of the fluid paths in the two drums be present. For example inFigs. 3, 7 and 8 wherein like numerals as in Fig. 1 are used to indicatelike parts, a slight change is made, in that in the initial drum 9, theproducts of combustion pass up through the inter-wall space, while theair passes up not only around said drum but also through the pipe orpipes 10 into the central space of the drum, thus providing for similarfluid paths in both drums 9 and 12.

The form of my furnace shown in Figs. 3 and 1, isin another respect adevelopment of the invention, with respect to its casing whereby it isadapted for installation in a narrower wall of a building.

In these figures the building wall is indi cated by 1. An aperture ismade through the wall and the furnace is fitted in and through saidaperture. The casing walls 2, 3 and 1 are here present as in Fig. 1, butthey are supplemented by an exterior shell 18 joined to the front wall 2and spaced from the inner walls, and in this space which serves asnon-conductor of heat the fresh airflues 15,15 and 15 lie. Thus, thefurnace is a unitary structure adapted to be readily fitted to theordinary wall of a building.

I claim:

1. A wall furnace comprising a casing having communication at one sidewith the outer air and at the other side with a room; a partitiondepending from the top of the casing dividing it into separatecompartments communicating under the partition;

a heating drum in each compartment; a

burner and a stack associated with the said drum respectively; and aconduit between said drum to complete a closed path for the productsofcombustion through said drum to the outer air. 7

2, A wall furnace comprising a casing having communication at one sidewith the outer air and at the other side with a room; a partitiondepending from the top of the casing dividing it into separatecompartments communicating under the partition; a heating drum composedof nested spaced shells in each compartment, each drum being formed witha flue for the products of comhustion and with a through air passageway;aburner and a stack associated with said drums respectively; and aconduit between said drums to complete a closed path for the products ofcombustion through said drums to the outer air.

3. A wall furnace comprising a casing having communication at one sidewith the outer air and at the other side with a room; a partitiondepending from the top of the casing dividing it into separatecompartments communicating under the partition; a heating drum composedof nested spaced shells in each compartment, each drum being formed witha flue for the products of combustion and with a through air passageway;

a burner and a stack associated with said drums respectively; a conduitto complete a closed path for the products of combustion, said conduitconnecting the central flue of the drum in the compartment nearest theroom with the inter-wall flue of the drum in the other compartment; anda conduit opening from the inter-wall air passageway of the first nameddrum into the housing compartment of said drum.

4. A wall furnace comprising a casing having a front wall withcommunications with a room and double spaced walls extending from thefront Wall said wall space communicating with the outer air and with theinterior of the casing; a partition depending from the top of the casingdividing it into separate compartments communicating under thepartition; a heating drum in each compartment; a burner and a stackassociated with the said drums respectively; and a conduitbetween saiddrums to complete a closed path for the products of com bustion throughsaid drums to the outer air.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

HUGH T. DYKES.

